Manure Application Tips for Better Farm Efficiency

By Scout Nelson

North Dakota Extension Livestock Environmental Management Specialist highlights that manure is not just a waste product but a valuable nutrient source when managed correctly. Proper manure application supports crop growth and helps reduce fertilizer costs. However, uneven application or incorrect rates can turn useful nutrients into environmental risks, making manure spreader calibration an important practice.

Manure contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients that crops can use. When crops do not absorb these nutrients, they can move with runoff water, seep into groundwater, or build up in the soil. Poor manure storage and land application practices are linked to water contamination and harmful algal blooms, showing the need for careful management.

Manure stockpiling is common and often necessary, but clear rules apply. Short-term stockpile sites should not be used for more than nine months, and the same location should not be reused year after year. Manure stored longer must be placed in approved permanent locations that may require soil testing and oversight.

Location also matters. Sandy soils allow nutrients to move quickly toward groundwater, while loamy and clay soils slow movement and help hold nutrients. Stockpiles should not be placed near streams, lakes, floodplains, gravel pits, or water supply wells. These rules also apply to compost and livestock mortality sites.

Manure nutrient content can vary widely based on animal type, diet, and growth stage. This natural variation makes manure testing and careful application planning important. Spreader setup and calibration help ensure nutrients are applied evenly across fields.

Without calibration, manure spreaders may apply or under apply nutrients. Over application increases pollution risk, while under application can reduce crop yields. Calibration helps determine the correct application rate, swath width, and spread pattern. Regular equipment checks, proper ground speed, correct PTO speed, and maintenance improve uniformity.

Manure spreader calibration improves nutrient efficiency, protects surface and groundwater, and helps farmers make the most manure as a crop input. Taking time to calibrate equipment benefits both farm operations and the environment.

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