By Jamie Martin
Scientists at Kansas State University are developing a new method to fight highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), one of the most serious threats to poultry production worldwide. Their research focuses on delivering vaccines through mealworms used as a poultry feed supplement.
The project is led by a team of researchers from veterinary medicine, entomology, and animal health programs. The idea is to create an oral vaccine that poultry can receive naturally through feed, allowing farmers to protect large flocks quickly and efficiently.
Avian influenza spreads rapidly in poultry facilities and can cause devastating losses. Infected flocks often die within a short period of time, and strict regulations require immediate depopulation to prevent the disease from spreading further.
Kansas has already experienced major impacts from the disease. Since late 2025, more than 413,000 birds have been affected across the state, including large commercial operations.
To support innovative research, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service announced significant funding for projects focused on controlling avian influenza. Among hundreds of proposals submitted nationwide, the Kansas State project received nearly $2 million in grant funding.
"This is an important advantage as HPAI continues to evolve along migratory routes like the Central Flyway, a major migratory route for wild waterfowl that can carry the virus without appearing ill," said Laura Miller, associate professor of veterinary virology, immunology and genomics.
"Traditional egg-based vaccine systems often require months to adjust, leaving producers vulnerable. Our platform is being designed to be compliant with the Differentiating Infected from Vaccinated Animals protocol, enabling surveillance systems that maintain export eligibility during vaccination campaigns," said Miller.
The research uses advanced gene-editing techniques to produce vaccine components within mealworms. These insects can then be added to poultry diets, allowing birds to receive protective antigens as part of normal feeding.
Researchers say this method could allow vaccines to be updated quickly when new virus strains appear. Traditional vaccine systems often require months to adapt, while this platform could respond within weeks.
The project also includes collaboration with North Carolina State University and uses high-containment research facilities to safely study the virus.
Beyond protecting poultry flocks, the research may help stabilize egg and poultry prices and reduce the risk of disease spread. The project also provides training opportunities for students studying biosecurity, animal health, and agricultural innovation.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-branex
Categories: National