By Scout Nelson
North Dakota State University Extension forage crops production specialist James Rogers shares guidance on managing bulls from purchase to breeding season. Bull sales are strong, and protecting this investment is important for long-term herd success.
Many young bulls are raised on high concentrated diets to increase growth. These rations often contain limited forage. While this helps show growth potential, it can lead to over conditioned bulls. Bulls with a body condition score of 7 or higher may face fertility problems. The ideal body condition score at the start of breeding is 6 to 6.5. Bulls can lose up to 200 pounds during breeding season.
Excess fat around the scrotum may affect temperature control and semen quality. Research shows that over conditioned bulls have lower breeding soundness exam results compared to bulls in proper condition. They may also lack stamina for a full breeding season.
A 90-day transition period helps bulls adjust to new feed, environment, and routine. This period also matches the 60-day sperm development cycle, allowing time to correct possible semen quality problems.
Biosecurity is important. New bulls should be quarantined for at least two weeks, ideally 30 days, before joining the herd. Provide space for exercise and constant access to clean water.
Avoid sudden diet changes. Replace concentrate with forage slowly at a rate of about 10% per week. Target daily weight gain of 1.5 to 2.0 pounds. Quality forage should contain about 10% crude protein and 60 to 70% total digestible nutrients. Grass hay or grass legume blends works well. Avoid pure alfalfa hay to reduce the risk of bloat.
Transition bulls fully forage two to three weeks before breeding. Once on pasture, monitor weight and health closely. Time spent preparing bulls properly supports strong performance, much like training an athlete for competition.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-steveoehlenschlager
Categories: North Dakota, Livestock